在宋明儒者之中，王船山最推重張子與朱子。船山雖然尊奉張子之學為正學，但其學說與張子仍有不同，至於其與朱子的差異更是不小。本論文的主旨是從「主敬存心」、「知行關係」與「致知格物」這三個主題上，比較他們兩人的「工夫論」學說。與一般以某一本著作或某些概念比較船山與朱子的學說之研究方式有別，本論文採取的研究徑路是以問題意識為導向，對兩家之說所涉及的相關問題，詳為討論，辨章剖析，以釐清其異同之處。

In the Song Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty Confucian scholars, Wang Chuan-Shan most respected Master Zhang and Master Chu. Although Wang Chuan-Shan respected the doctrine of Master Zhang is the most standard doctrine, but his theory and Master Zhang’s theory was still different, as larger and Master Chu’s doctrine of differences. The paper intends to compare the theory of cultivation effort between Wang Chuan-Shan’s and Master Chu’s from three issues: holding fast to seriousness and preserving the Mind, the relationships between zxi and xing (Knowledge and Action), acquisition of knowledge and learning of the nature of things. In this paper, not in a book or s concept of the center, but in the “problem” as a guide to compare Wang Chuan-Shan’s and Master Chu’s philosophy. The author discusses the problems for both of them, trying on different views on the two main doctrine to make a detailed analysis of their viewpoints.