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第 66  期

專題論文
Special Issue

  (229)
將人與動物作「平等考量」的理據 — 與效益主義哲學家Peter Singer的對話
The Rationale for "Equal Consideration" between Humans and Animals ──A Dialogue with the Utilitarian philosopher Prof. Peter Singer
作者 釋昭慧
Author Chao-Hwei Shih
關鍵詞 效益主義緣起護生中道自通之法道德主體道德受體
Keywords Utilitarianism, Dependent origination, Life Protection, Middle Path, Putting oneself in others’ shoes, Moral agent, Moral patient
摘要 彼得辛格教授是一位生活在美國和澳大利亞的效益主義哲學家,而筆者則是居住在台灣的佛教修行人。我們都是無神論者與學者,並且共同致力於改善動物福利。本文探討彼此從不同的出發點,是如何得出同樣的結論?

一如往常地,辛格以效益主義觀點來論證:動物如同人類,應受到平等考量。筆者則從「緣起,性空、中道」的佛法觀點獲得同樣的結論。

在我們的對話過程中,激盪出一些深入的討論,例如:我們怎樣才能對他人的痛苦感同身受?如何可能檢核他者之個人經驗的正確性?在公共領域,為了改善動物福利,是否有可能劃出「平等考慮動物福利」的一條線?
Abstract Prof. Peter Singer is a Utilitarian philosopher, living in the United States and Australia, and I am a Buddhist practitioner, living in Taiwan. We are both atheists and scholars, and we share a commitment to improving animal welfare. This article explores how is it that our differing starting points lead to the same conclusion?

As usual, Singer proved by utilitarian viewpoints that animals, like humans, must be considered equally, and I proved the same conclusion by the Buddhist viewpoints: dependent origination, protecting life, and middle way.

In the course of our dialogue, we have stirred up some depth discussions, such as: How can we ‘putting our self in others’ Shoes’? How to explore the correctness other’s personal experience. In the public sphere, in order to improve animal welfare, is it possible to draw a line that considers animal welfare equally?
專題按語
/ 李凱恩    Jack Lee
道德對待動物之理由淺悉
/ 李凱恩    Jack Lee
1
《從《「人-人-動物」三元關係談動物 權辯論中之「他群」》
/ 盧倩儀    Chien-Yi Lu
15
我們對動物的責任
/ 柯志明    Chih-Ming Ke
29
Regan 與動物權
/ 田錦宏    Jonah Tyan
77
Tom Regan動物權學說初探
/ 張秀惠    Hsiu-Hui Chang
95
由 Singer動物解放探討原住民狩獵與 動物保護
/ 徐翠文    
109
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